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Articles: Literature | telugu nATakAlalO hAsyaM
- Mr. VIRABHADRA SASTRI KALANADHABHATTA
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(15-3-2003 na amerikAlO AsTinu nagaraMlO jarigina TeksAsu hAsyarachana sadassulO samarpiMchabaDinadi)
' nATakAntaM hi sAhityaM ' , 'kAvyEShu nATakaM ramyaM ' ani mana pUrva kavulu vakkANiMchAru. ayitE nATakaM hAsya sammiLitaM raMjitaM ani kUDA cheppavachchunani nEnu aMTAnu. okappuDu navvu nAlugu vidhAlu chETu anE nAnuDi cheppEvAru. A nAlugu vidhAlU EmiTO nAku teliyadu kAni, navvukOvaDaM anE prakriya ArOgya chihnaM ani navIna SAstrakArulu nokki cheptunnAru. hAsyaM cheppaDaM valla kAni, vinaDaM valla kAni, chUDaDaM valla kAni navvu rAvaDaM sahajaM. ayitE manassuku hattuku pOyE hAsyaM chAlAmaMdiki tilakiMchaDaM vallanE kalugutuMdanaDaMlO saMdEhaM lEdu. araTipaMDu tokka mIda kAlu vEsi jAripaDitE, veMTanE chUchE vALLaku vachchEdi modaTa navvu, tarvAtE jAli, bAdhapaDaDaM...dRuSyarUpa prakriya dvArA hAsyaM chUpistE nirakSHarAsyuDu kUDA chUchi hAyigA navvukuMTADu. aMdukani manaM dRuSya rUpaka hAsyaM. anagA nATaka, nATikalanu guriMchi muchchaTiddAM.....
1880 va saMvatsaraMku pUrvaM mana AMdhradESaMlO raMgasthala pradarSanalu lEvu. appaTlO dhArvAD vAru vachchi, tAtkAli nATakaSAlalu kaTTi, aMdulO hiMdI, marAThI nATakAlu ADEvAru. O sAri rAjamahEMdravaraMlO vALLu nATakAlADi, veLLipOyAka, A pAkalu tIseyyakuMDAnE, kaMdukUri vIrESaliMgaM paMtulu gAru vAru rachiMchina 'chamatkAra ratnAvaLi' anE nATakAnni A raMgasthalaM pai pradarSiMchAru. idE telugu nAta ADabaDina toli nATika. idi hAsyanATika kAvaDaM gamanArhaM. idi ShEkspiyar& 'kAmeDI Af& errars& ' ku anusaraNa. I pradarSanaku chAlA maMdi prEkShakulu vachchi, chUchi AnaMdiMchAru. paMtulu gAru aMtaku muMdE 'brahma vivAhaM' , 'vyavahAradarSa bOdhini' anE reMDu hAsya nATakAlu kUDA rAsi vunnAru kanuka, vATini kUDA tama vidyArdhula chEta ADiMchAru. I reMDu vimarSanAtmaka nATakAlu, sAMghika durAchArAlanu, kOrTulalO jarigE anyAyAlanu ettichUpaDamE vITi lakShyaM. darimilA samAjaM lOni kuLLuni bahirgataM chEsE lakShyaM tO paMtulugAru iravai hAsya nATakAlu rAsAru.
brahma vivAhaMlO kAmya tana reMDELLa vayassu kumArtenu musali vADiki panneMDuvaMdala rUpAyala kanyASulkaM puchchukoni peLLi chEstADu. peLLiki muMdugA vUri peddalanu tanu ilA kanyASulkaM puchchukOvaDaM tappA ani aDigitE, A SAstrulu gAru EvO SlOkAlu kalpiMchi udAharaNagA cheppi kanya kannA reMDiMtalettu dhanaM puchchukoni peLLi chEstE kOTi yAgAla falitaM dakkutuMdaMTAru.
kOrTulalO jarigE anyAyAlanu bahirgataM cheyyaDamE vyavahAradarSa bOdhini nATaka lakShyaM. oka daLAri iddaru annadammula madhya vyAjyaM naDipiMchaDAniki talO vakIlu daggaraki tIsukuveLLi kamISHanu puchchukuMTADu. plIDarlu kUDA tamaku vIlayinaMta sommu rAbaTTukOvaDAniki prayatnistAru. I vidhaMgA prajalalO kakShalu, kAvEShAlu rechchagOTTi, vALLani vyAjyAlaki purigolipi madhya daLArulu, plIDarlu elA bAgu paDutunnArO, I asAMghika kAryakramAlanu paMtulu gAru tAmu vrAsina iravai hAsya nATakAlalO chUpiMchAru.
vIri samakAlInulaina vEdaM veMkaTrAya SAstri gAru 'pratApa rudrIyaM' hAsya miLitamaina nATakaM rAsi pradarSiMchAru. iMdulO pada gata, vAkya gata, sannivESa gata hAsyaM chiMdulEstU vuMTuMdi. pErigADi pAtra sahaja siddhamaina rUpaM. atani kaTTulO, boTTulO, ATalO, pATalO, mATalO, maMtilO anniTilOnu sisalaina jAtIyata vuTTipaDutuMdi.
chilakamarti lakShmInarasiMhaM gAru kUDA vIrESaliMgaM gAri fakkInE. AnATi sAMghIka durAchArAlanu khaMDistU iravai Aru hAsya nATikalu rachiMchAru. vIru vrAsina 'balavaMtapu brAhmaNArdhaM' nATikalO oka karaNaMku talli taddinaM eppuDO teliyadu. purOhituDu vachchi gurtu chEstE 'ayyO udayAnnE chaddi annaM pulla AvakAya vEsukoni tinnAnE elAgA?' aMTE 'mukhaM kaDukkOkuMDA tinnAru kanuka adi ninna tinnaTTE lekhkha' ani sardi cheppi, veTTi vANNi paMpi vUri polimEra dAri kAsi reMDO bhOktagA oka brAhmaNunni balavaMtaMgA rappistADu. purOhituDi meDalO jaMdeM lEdEmani vachchina brAhmaNuDu aDigitE, 'idi strI taddinaM, strIki jaMdeM vuMDadu, kanuka nuvvu jaMdeM tIsEya maMTADu purOhituDu'. vIru vrAsina 'gaNapati' hAsya navalanu vijayavADa AkASavANi vAru nATakaMgA malachi ennO sArlu prasAraM chEsAru.
vIrESaliMgaM gAri prahasanAlu sUTigA moraTugA vuMTE, lakShmInarasiMhaM gAri prahasanAlu oka viSiShTata vuMdi. nErasthulanu mRuduvugA kShamiMchi, maMdaliMchi, saMskariMchi marI viDustAru. ayitE samAjaMlO A rOjullO pAtukupOyina marO bhayaMkara durAchAraM kanyASulkaM. I durAchAraM mIda dADi salapaDAnikA annaTTu, gurajADa appArAvu gAru kanyASulkaM anE adbhuta nATakaM rAsi 1892 lO vijayanagaraMlO pradarSiMchAru. I nATakaMlO hAsya rasaM toNikisalADutU, eMtO gaMbhIratanu niMpukunnadi. nATi vividha taragatula manuShyula manastatvAlu,, vairudhyAlu appArAvu gAru kanyASulkaMlO pratibiMbiMpa chEsAru.
I nATika vrAyaDAniki gala kAraNaM vArilA cheppAru. 'viSAkhapaTTaNaM jillAlO gata mUDELLa kAlaMlO veyyI muppai nAlugu brAhmaNa kanyASulka vivAhAlu jarigAyi. pottiLLalO vunna SiSuvulaku tala okkiMTikI mUDu vaMdala yAbhai nuMchi nAlugu vaMdala rUpAyala dAkA dhara palukutOMdi. aMtE kAdu kaDupulO vunna SiSuvulanu saitaM appuDappuDu aDaga vastunnAru. iTuvaMTi durAgatAlanu bahirgataM chEstU unnatamaina naitika bhAvAlanu vyApti chEyaDaM, prajalalO ArOgya dAyaka AlOchanA vidhAnAnni prasariMpajEyaDaM, iMduku sAdhanaMgA raMgabhUmini upayOgiMchukOvaDaM, I AlOchanalE nannI nATaka rachanaku purigolipAyi'.
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